History Motif Batik SOLO

Kampung Batik Laweyan

Laweyan is one of the central Batik in Solo. Obviously this ward there are a lot of history left in this and an icon kapung Batik Solo


The history of batik in Indonesia is closely linked with the development and dissemination of the Majapahit empire of Islam in Java. In some records, the development of batik is mostly done in times of Mataram Kingdom, then on the work of Solo and Yogyakarta.

So the art of batik in Indonesia has been known since the days of work and growing to the Majapahit kingdom and the kings of the next. As for starting the spread of this batik art belongs to the people of Indonesia and Java in particular tribe is after the end of the century or the beginning of XVIII-XIX century. Produced batik batik is all until the early twentieth century and printed batik is known only after the world wars or the unity out around 1920. The connection with the spread of Islamic teachings. Many areas in Java batik centers are areas Batik students and then become a tool of economic perjaungan by figures pedangan Muslims against the Dutch economy.

Batik art is the art of drawing on the fabric for clothing that becomes one of cultural keluaga Indonesian kings of old. Batik initially worked in the palace just limited to clothing and the result was the king and family and his followers. Because many of the followers of the king who lived outside the palace, the art of batik was brought by the palace and carried them out in place of each.

Long batik art was imitated by the people nearest and subsequently expanded into the work of women in the household to fill his spare time. Furthermore, batik clothing was only the royal family, then became a popular folk clothes, both women and men. White fabric that is used when it is the result of homespun.

Medium coloring materials used consist of plants native to Indonesia who made their own from among others: noni tree, tall, soga, indigo, and materials made from soda ash soda, as well as salts made from tanahlumpur.

Jaman Majapahit
Batik has become the kingdom Majahit culture, can be traced in Mojokerto and Tulung Court. Mojoketo are areas closely related to the Majapahit kingdom during the first and the origin of the name have anything to do with Majapahit Majokerto. Relation to the development of batik developed in Tulung Majapahit Agung is the history of batik developments in this area, can be extracted from the relic in the age of the Majapahit kingdom. At that time the area is partly composed of Tulungagung swamps in the history of the area known as Bonorowo, which at the time of Majapahit bekembangnya area controlled by a Duke benama Kalang, and did not surrender to the kingdom of Majapahit.

Told that the police actions waged by Majapahati, Duke Kalang allegedly killed in the fighting around the village which is now reportedly named Kalangbret. Thus, the officers and soldiers who settled keluara Majapahit kingdom and lived in the territory which is now named Bonorowo or Tulungagung among others also bring original art to make batik.

Batik is now in the Mojokerto region contained in Kwali, Mojosari, Betero and Sidomulyo. Outside the Mojokerto regency is in Jombang. At the end of XIX century there were several people known batik in Mojokerto, the materials used at that time white cloth woven by himself and drugs from soga jambal batik, noni, indigo tom, height and so forth.

Drugs known abroad the new postwar world of unity which are sold by Chinese traders in Mojokerto. Batik is known along with the entry of drugs from abroad batik. Cap made in Bangil and entrepreneurs can buy batik Mojokerto Porong market in Sidoarjo, this Porong Market before the world economic crisis known as the bustling market, where the results of production and Jetis Sidoarjo batik Kedungcangkring lot sale. Time of economic crisis, batik entrepreneurs participate Mojoketo paralyzed, because most small entrepreneurs business. Batik events arising after the crisis go back to Japan's entry into Indonesia, and the time the Japanese occupation of batik activities paralyzed again. Batik activity appears again after the revolution which has become a regional Mojokerto occupation.

A typical characteristic of batik Kalangbret of Mojokerto is almost equal to the output of batik-batik of Yogyakarta, which is basically white and brown 's type and color of dark blue. Known since more than a century ago the village of batik Majan and Simo. The village also has a history as a relic from the war era Prince Diponegoro in 1825.

Although batik is known since antiquity Majapahait but batik development began to spread rapidly since the region of Surakarta, Central Java and Yogyakarta, at the time of the kingdom in this region. It appears that the development of batik in Mojokerto and more dipenagruhi Tulung next Supreme Solo and Yogyakarta batik patterns.

In berkecamuknya clash between the Dutch colonial army with the troops of Prince Diponegoro, then some of the Kyai Mojo troops withdrew towards the east and until now the Majan. Since the Dutch colonial period until the time of independence is the status of rural villages Merdikan Majan (Special Region), and the village head of a chaplain whose status-temurun.Pembuatan Uirun Majan batik is an instinct (relic) of the art of making batik Diponegoro war era.

Color babaran Majan and Simo batik is unique because of the color red babarannya lit (from mulberry bark) and other colors of the tom. As a batik Setra since time immemorial village area is also famous Sembung, which batik entrepreneurs mostly from Tulungagung Sala coming in at the end of XIX century. Only now there are still some families who settled batik from Sala Sembung area. Apart from the proficiency level in these places there are also areas of batik in Psychology and also a couple in Kediri, but the nature of some of the batik craft and household babarannya batik.

The spread of the Islamic era
History of batik in other areas of East Java is in Ponorogo, whose story is related to the spread of Islam in this region. History of Batik. Mentioned problem areas Ponorogo batik art are closely related to the development of Islamic religion and the kingdoms first. It is said Batoro Katong area, there is a direct descendant of the Majapahit empire named Raden Raden Patah sister of Katong. Katong Batoro this is what brought Islam to the existing ruins Ponorogo and now is a mosque Patihan Wetan area.

Selanjutanya developments, in Ponorogo, Tegalsari area there is a boarding school that nurtured Kyai Hasan Basri or known as the Great Tegalsari Kyai. This Tegalsari pesantren teach religion other than Islam also teaches administrative sciences, sciences and literature of war. A disciple of the famous from the literary field is Tegalsari Ronggowarsito Raden. Kyai Hasan Basri was taken into law by the king Kraton of Solo.

Batik art at that time was limited within the palace. Therefore Solo palace princess became the wife of Kyai Hasan Basri Tegalsari and then brought into-accompaniment followed by a retinue. besides that many of the royal family also learned dipesantren Solo this. These events bring art out of the palace bafik toward Ponorogo. Young people educated in this Tegalsari when it came out, the community would donate his batik dharma in areas kepamongan and religion.

Long batik areas that we can see now is a region that is Kepatihan Wetan Kauman now and from here spread to the villages Ronowijoyo, Mangunsuman, Kertosari, Setono, Cokromenggalan, Duchy, Nologaten, Bangunsari, Cekok, Banyudono and Ngunut. It was the drugs used in batik are made in our own country from woody among others; tom tree, noni, tall timber. While homemade kainputihnyajugamemakai materials from woven carrying. Bam imported white cloth known in Indonesia about the late-19th century.

Batik-making in the new Ponorogo known after the first world war brought on by a Chinaman named Kwee Seng from Banyumas. Ponorogo region early 20th century in the famous batik indigo dye that does not fade and that's why entrepreneurs Banyumas and Solo batik from giving jobs to many entrepreneurs in Ponorogo batik. As a result of the familiar printed batik production petama Ponorogo after World War until the outbreak of the second world war that is famous for his rough batik batik blue mori. Market batik rough Ponorogo then famous throughout Indonesia.

Solo and Yogyakarta Batik
From work-in Solo and Yogyakarta royal surroundings and 19th century, 17.18, batik and widespread, particularly in the area of Java Island. Batik was originally just a hobby of the royal family in the past decorated clothing. But subsequent developments, pleh society developed into a commodity perdagamgan batik.

Solo Batik is famous for its traditional batik patterns and patterns in the process of batik cap or she writes. The materials used for staining still remains a lot of use of domestic materials such as Java soga already known from the first. Fixed pattern, among others, famous for its "Sidomukti" and "Sidoluruh".

While the origins of batik area since the kingdom of Mataram Yogyakarta is known to any-I with a Panembahan Senopati raj. First is the village of batik Region Plered. Batik at the time limited in the royal family environment which was done by the women helpers queen. From here batik work extends to the first trap on the other the wife of the royal family from the servants in the palace and the soldiers. At the official ceremony of the royal family palace both men and women wearing clothes with batik and striated kombonasi. Therefore, this kingdom received a visit from the people and the people interested in the clothes worn by the royal family and imitated by the people and finally meluaslah batik out of the palace walls.

As a result of good old time of war between the families of kings as well as between the Dutch colonial past, so many families of the king who fled and settled areas of new areas, among others, to Banyumas, Pekalongan, and Eastern regions of Ponorogo, Tulungagung and sebagainy a. Meluasny a local batik-stricken area until that area according to the historical development of Indonesian struggle beginning of the 18th century. Families who fled the palace is that developed all over the island of Java, batik work of the existing and developing new areas of nature and according to it.

Diponegoro's war against the Netherlands, urged the prince and his family and his followers have left the kingdom. They then spread towards the East and West. Then in the new areas that the family and followers of Prince Diponegoro to develop batik.

East to Solo and Yogyakarta batik batik improve the existing pattern in Mojokerto and Tulung Court. It also spread to Gresik, Surabaya and Madura. Medium westward batik developed in Banyumas, Pekalongan, Tegal, Cirebon.

Batik developments in other Cities
The development of batik in Banyumas Sokaraja centered in the area brought by the followers of Prince Diponegero after wide-inya war in 1830, their most-ap menet Banyumas region. Followers of the famous time was Najendra and he developed a dye batik in Sokaraja. Materials used mori homespun results and medications used pewama tom trees, mulberry trees and the pace that gives the red color of yellow artificiality.

Long batik gradually spread to the people Sokaraja and at the end of XIX century are directly related to region Solo batik and Ponorogo. Areas in Banyumas batik had been known since before the motif and color in particular and is now called batik Banyumas. After world war unity of batik is also done by the Chinese began their trade as well as batik material. .

Similar to batik in Pekalongan. The followers of Prince Diponegoro, who settled in this area and then develop sekitara batik business in this coastal area, namely in areas other than their own Pekalongan, batik is growing rapidly in Buawaran, Pekajangan and Wonopringgo. The presence of batik in these areas almost simultaneously with other regions of batik which is about the nineteenth century. Batik-development areas outside the region apart from Yogyakarta and Solo are closely related to the development history of the kingdom of Yogyakarta and Solo.

Widespread batik out of the palace after the end of the Diponegoro war and the many regions of the royal family who had moved out of areas because of Yogyakarta and Solo would not kejasama with the colonial government. The royal family took their followers that new regions and places of batik was continued and then became a job for livelihood.

Batik pattern in this new area is also adapted to the circumstances surrounding areas. Especially seen from the Pekalongan and designya much influenced by the batik of Demak. Until the early twentieth century is the process known as batik batik morinya with domestically produced materials and some imported. After the world war a new unity known batik fabrication and use of foreign medicines made in German and English.

In the early 20th century was first known in Pekajangan is producing weaving and yarn spinning Stagen itself is simple. In recent years new batik is known to be worked by people who work this weaving sector. Growth and more rapid development of weaving batik Stagen and never sugar mill workers in Wonopringgo and Tirto companies ran into batik, because wages are higher than the sugar factory.

Tegal batik was known in the late nineteenth century and that it used a homemade time taken from plants: pace / noni, indigo, soga wood and homespun fabric. Tegal batik was first color is babaran Sogan and gray after a known indigo plant, and then increased to a red-blue color. Tegal batik market when they came out among the other regions of West Java, was taken solely by entrepreneurs in their walk and this is according to the history of the development of batik in Tasik and-comer Ciamis besides other newcomers from the cities of Central Javanese batik.

In the early twentieth century was known mori import and import of new drugs known as post-war world unity. Batik entrepreneurs in Tegal mostly weak in capital and raw materials obtained from the Pekalongan and with credit and batik are sold in China provides loans to such materials. Time of economic crisis Tegal batik-batik participate actively re-flagging and new around the year 1934 until the beginning of the second world war. When the Japanese went dead again batik work activities.

Pila thus the history of batik in Purworejo along with batik in Kebumen is derived from Yogyakarta around XI century. Pekembangan batik in Purworejo than in Kebumen faster in Kebumen. Production as well as the Yogyakarta and other Banyumas areas.

While in the area Bayat, Klaten District Tembayat Kebumen-situated approximately 21 km east of the town of Klaten. Bayat region is located at the foot of the mountain village but the land is arid and minuses. These areas include environmental Surakarta and Klaten district and the history of batik here certainly closely related to the history of the former royal palace in Surakarta. Bayat Village is now no ruins can be visited by people in certain times of "grave of Sunan Bayat" on the mountain Jabarkat. So Bayat batik village has existed since the time of first job. Batik entrepreneurs in Bayat had most of the handicraft and batik workers in Solo.

While batik in Kebumen is known about the early nineteenth century, brought by immigrants, immigrants from the Islamic da'wah in order to Yogya, among others, which is known is this: PenghuluNusjaf. He is what develops in Kebumen batik and first place is settled east Lukolo time now and there are also relics of the mosque for his efforts. The first backward process in Kebumen called teng-brother or Blambangan and subsequently the final process is done in Banyumas / Solo. Around the early twentieth century to create a pattern which is used turmeric capnya made of wood. Kebumen motives were: the trees, bird-burungan. Other materials used are trees pace, tom kemudu and indigo.

The use of imported drugs in Kebumen is known around the year 1920 which was introduced by the employees of Bank Rakyat Indonesia, which finally left the homemade ingredients, as it saves time. Use of copper seal is known around the year 1930 brought by Purnomo of Yogyakarta. Areas is the village of batik in Kebumen: Watugarut, Tanurekso that much and there are several other villages.

Viewed with the relics are now, and the stories passed down through generations of the foregoing, it is predicted that Batik Tasikmalaya region known since the days of "Tarumanagara" which is a relic of the existing number of trees found there tarum useful for making batik time . Heritage village which still exists today it is the crude batik: batik craft Wurug famous, Sukapura, Mangunraja, Maronjaya and Tarlac City.

Formerly the center of government and bustle of the famous village is Sukapura, Indihiang the edge rows Tasikmalaya town now. Approximately end of the century and early XVII-XVIII century a result of the battle between kingdoms in Central Java, many of the local population: Tegal, Pekalongan, Ba-nyumas and Western regions of the Holy migrate and settle in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya. Most of them are batik entrepreneurs area and headed towards the West while the batik trade. With the advent of this new population, both wearing pembutan next dikenallah soga originally from Central Java. Tasikmalaya batik production now is a mixture of batik-batik Pekalongan, Tegal, Banyumas, Ghost of a diverse patterns and colors.

Batik was known in Ciamis about XIX century after the completion of the Diponegoro war, where followers of Diponegoro, many who left Yogyakarta, heading south. Some regions have settled there Banyumas and some who continued the journey to the south and settled in Ciamis and Tasikmalaya now. They migrate with keluargany a new place and settle into the population and continue to live and work procedures. Some of them were experts in the craft of batik as household work for women. Eventually, this work could be developed on the surrounding residents due to the daily interactions or family relationship. The materials used for self-woven fabric and paint materials made from trees such as mulberry, tom tree, and so forth.

Batik Ciamis result is a blend of Central Javanese batik and their own regional influence, especially Garutan motifs and colors. Until the early twentieth century batik in Ciamis growing little by little, from their own needs into the production market. 're In the area of Cirebon batik there kaintannya with the kingdom in this aerah, namely Kanoman, Kasepuahn and Keprabonan. The main source of batik Cirebon, the case is the same as those in Yogyakarta and Solo. Batik environment appears palace, and taken out by servants in the palace who reside outside the palace. Ancient kings delighted with the paintings and prior known cotton yarn, the painting was placed on palm leaves. It happened around the XIII century. It has something to do with batik motifs on the fabrics. Characteristic of batik Cirebonan a large part motivated images of forests and wildlife symbol. While the sea motif because the nature of thought influenced by China, which the sultanate of Cirebon editing the first ever Chinese princess. Sementra Cirebonan batik depicts a eagle as influenced by Yogya and Solo batik motifs.